Computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer—the parts you can see and touch. Here’s a clear breakdown:
Internal Hardware
These are inside the computer case:
CPU (Central Processing Unit) – The “brain” of the computer; processes instructions
Motherboard – Main circuit board connecting all components
RAM (Random Access Memory) – Temporary memory for running programs
Storage
HDD (Hard Disk Drive) – Traditional, slower storage
SSD (Solid State Drive) – Faster, modern storage
GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) – Handles graphics and visuals
Power Supply Unit (PSU) – Provides power to all components
Cooling system – Fans or liquid cooling to prevent overheating
External Hardware (Peripherals)
These are connected to the computer:
Input devices – Keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone, webcam
Output devices – Monitor, printer, speakers, headphones
Storage devices – USB flash drive, external hard drive
Networking & Accessories
Network card / Wi-Fi adapter
Modem & router
Cables (HDMI, USB, Ethernet)